A service of the

Forum · Issue 3 · 2026
From Signature to Standstill: The Future of the EU–Mercosur Agreement

Forum · Issue 2 · 2026
Stablecoins, the Digital Euro and the Future of Monetary Sovereignty in Europe

Forum · Issue 1 · 2026
US Policy Shifts and the Changing Global Economic Landscape: What Implications for Europe?

Forum · Issue 6 · 2025
Frontiers of Growth: Europe’s Struggle for Resilience, Sustainability and Social Justice

Forum · Issue 5 · 2025
Policy Innovation for a New World Order

Forum · Issue 4 · 2025
From Conflict to Coordination: Europe’s Industrial and Competition Policies Amid Geoeconomic Uncertainty

Editorial
What the Strait of Hormuz Tells Europe

Julian Hinz examines how the near-closure of the Strait of Hormuz – despite Europe's modest direct exposure – has revealed deep vulnerabilities in fertiliser, jet fuel and petrochemical supply chains, and what this means for Europe's critical-inputs policy playbook.

Single Market
Enhancing Business Opportunities in Europe

Accelerating the EU’s Single Market integration and fostering new trade partnerships will jointly unleash untapped potential in terms of scale, expand business opportunities and drive investment in Europe, write Debora Revoltella, Román Arjona, Laurent Maurin and Frank Vandermeeren.

Letter from America
Europe’s Energy Shock: Avoiding the Mistakes of 2022

Europe has the tools and institutional capacity to respond to the 2026 energy shock effectively, with well-targeted support costing a fraction of untargeted measures and delivering clearer distributional gains, write David Amaglobeli, Simon Black, Oya Celasun and Frederik Toscani.

economic strategy
What the EU Should Learn from China’s Industrial Policy

Understanding China’s industrial policy – its dark subsidies, its structural inefficiencies, its commercialisation strengths and its rebalancing failures –  is the essential foundation for a coherent EU economic strategy in an era of intensifying geopolitical and economic uncertainty, writes Alicia García Herrero.

Policy Coordination
Rethinking the Policy Mix: Challenges for the Euro Area

Recent events such as the war in Iran and related energy price spikes have increased the importance of supply-side shocks. Policymakers should adopt a medium-term approach that allows temporary shocks to “pass through” while maintaining stable expectations and sustainable public finances, write Agnès Bénassy-Quéré and Vladimir Borgy.

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Forum
Mercosur-EU Agreement: A Singular Case or a Constructed Controversy?

European opposition to the Mercosur-EU Trade Agreement has been driven in part by protectionist interests, ideological objections and misinformation. But the agreement’s economic, environmental and political benefits will strengthen both sides, writes Ambassador Pedro Miguel da Costa e Silva.

Quote of the Month

“Deepening the Single Market and expanding trade agreements should be understood as two pillars of a single strategy to foster business dynamism in Europe. Single Market integration provides the necessary scale, drives investment incentives and creates resilience, while increased access to external markets extends these benefits globally. Together, they underpin a European growth model that is both competitive and robust in an increasingly uncertain world."

Debora Revoltella, Román Arjona, Laurent Maurin and Frank Vandermeeren

Deepening the Single Market and Expanding Trade Agreements to Foster Business Opportunities

Current Issue

Volume 61
2026
Issue 3

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Figure of the Month

EU27 energy imports by country of origin in 2024, share (%) of trade in value

The US accounted for 17.3% of total EU energy import value in 2024. This included €42 billion in oil, €19 billion in LNG (representing 45.3% of the EU’s total LNG imports) and €4 billion in coal. Norway was the second-largest supplier, while Russia maintained a significant share despite ongoing sanctions.